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A cognitive bedside assessment beyond the MMSE: the Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination

¹ Human Cognitive Neuroscience, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
² MRC Cognition & Brain Sciences Unit, Cambridge, UK

Correspondence to:
Correspondence to:
Dr T H Bak
Human Cognitive Neuroscience, University of Edinburgh, 7 George Square, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK; thomas.bak@ed.ac.uk

The first 150 words of the full text of this article appear below.

Few clinical tests have had such a meteoric rise in popularity as the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Originally developed in the early 1970s by a group of psychiatrists with the aim of "serial testing of the cognitive mental state in patients on a neurogeriatric ward", only a few decades later it has become the most widely used tool for cognitive assessment in a wide range of neurological diseases. As such, it was introduced to the readers of Practical Neurology by Ridha and Rossor.¹ However, as the authors point out in their article, the MMSE has several serious limitations (table 1), such as its over-reliance on verbal cognitive function at the expense of non-dominant hemisphere skills and executive functions. In fact, the MMSE is based almost entirely on verbal assessment of memory and attention. It is insensitive to frontal-executive dysfunction and visuospatial deficits. The assessment of memory and language is . . . [Full text of this article]

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EDITOR’S CHOICE

Charles Warlow
Practical Neurology 2007 7: 209. [Extract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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