Causes of myelopathy
| Extrinsic | Mixed or indeterminate | Intrinsic | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Genetic | Mucopolysaccharidoses | Hereditary spastic paraplegia Adrenomyeloneuropathy Other spinocerebellar degenerations and leukodystrophies | |
| Congenital | Arachnoid cyst | Syringomyelia Dysraphism | |
| Traumatic | Vertebral fracture and/or dislocation Missile and stab injuries | ||
| Infective | Epidural abscess Tuberculous osteomyelitis | Acute viral myelitis Tuberculosis Syphilis Schistosomiasis HIV HTLV-1 | |
| Inflammatory | Rheumatoid arthritis Ankylosing spondylitis | Multiple sclerosis Neuromyelitis optica Post-infective Sarcoid, Behçet's Connective tissue disorders | |
| Neoplastic | Extradural tumours Extramedullary intradural tumours | Intramedullary tumours Paraneoplastic | |
| Vascular | Epidural haematoma | Dural arteriovenous fistula | Haematomyelia Ischaemic infarction |
| Metabolic | Paget's disease | Vitamin B12 deficiency Copper deficiency Liver failure | |
| Toxic | Myodil induced arachnoiditis Intrathecal methotrexate | Radiation Electrical injury | Nitrous oxide Clioquinol Lathyrism Konzo |
| Degenerative | Spondylosis Disc prolapse | Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis Primary lateral sclerosis |