Causes of late-onset chorea15
| Cerebrovascular | Ischaemic and haemorrhagic |
| Medications | Numerous: dopaminergic medications (eg, levodopa), anticonvulsants, stimulants, psychiatric medications (neuroleptics, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, anticholinergics), steroids, opiates |
| Toxins | Carbon monoxide, manganese |
| Hereditary | Huntington’s disease, causes of neuroacanthocytosis, others (eg, Dentatorubral-pallidoluysian atrophy, Spinocerebellar ataxia-17) |
| Autoimmune | Systemic lupus erthyematosus, primary antiphospholipid syndrome, recrudescence of Sydenham’s chorea, paraneoplastic |
| Metabolic | Hyperthyroidism, hyperglycaemia, hepatocerebral syndrome |
| Infectious | AIDS and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease |
| Other | Polycythaemia rubra vera, basal ganglia mineralization |
CJD, Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease; DRPLA, Dentatorubral-pallidoluysian atrophy; SCA, Spinocerebellar ataxia; SLE, Systemic lupus erthyematosus; SSRI, Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors