Raeder’s paratrigeminal syndrome. In 1924 JG Raeder described five patients in whom he postulated lesions in the middle cranial fossa, medial to the trigeminal ganglion: “lesions could be localised to a limited space, the situation of which justifies the designation paratrigeminal paralysis of the sympathetic”. As well as an oculosympathetic palsy, some of Raeder’s cases also had other cranial nerve involvement, with diverse pathology. Although careful scrutiny of the terminal carotid, petrous apex, cavernous sinus, and retro-orbital region is needed in such cases, in a number of patients the presentation “feels”—and is—benign.

Further reading

Statements A and D are false. Arsenic toxicity …