PT - JOURNAL ARTICLE AU - Michael Owen Kinney AU - John J Craig AU - P W Kaplan TI - Non-convulsive status epilepticus: mimics and chameleons AID - 10.1136/practneurol-2017-001796 DP - 2018 Apr 12 TA - Practical Neurology PG - practneurol-2017-001796 4099 - http://pn.bmj.com/content/early/2018/04/12/practneurol-2017-001796.short 4100 - http://pn.bmj.com/content/early/2018/04/12/practneurol-2017-001796.full AB - Non-convulsive status epilepticus (NCSE) is an enigmatic condition with protean manifestations. It often goes unrecognised, leading to delays in its diagnosis and treatment. The principal reason for such delay is the failure to consider and request an electroencephalogram (EEG), although occasional presentations have no scalp or surface electroencephalographic correlate. In certain settings with limited EEG availability, particularly out-of-hours, clinicians should consider treating without an EEG. Patients need a careful risk–benefit analysis to assess the risks of neuronal damage and harm versus the risks of adverse effects from various intensities of therapeutic intervention. Specialists in EEG, intensive care or epilepsy are invaluable in the management of patients with possible NCSE.