PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - Eoin Mulroy
AU  - Bettina Balint
AU  - Kailash P Bhatia
TI  - Tardive syndromes
AID  - 10.1136/practneurol-2020-002566
DP  - 2020 Oct 01
TA  - Practical Neurology
PG  - 368--376
VI  - 20
IP  - 5
4099  - http://pn.bmj.com/content/20/5/368.short
4100  - http://pn.bmj.com/content/20/5/368.full
SO  - Pract Neurol2020 Oct 01; 20
AB  - Dopamine receptor-blocking antipsychotics, first introduced into clinical practice in 1952, were hailed as a panacea in the treatment of a number of psychiatric disorders. However, within 5 years, this notion was to be shattered by the recognition of both acute and chronic drug-induced movement disorders which can accompany their administration. Tardive syndromes, denoting the delayed onset of movement disorders following administration of dopamine receptor-blocking (and also other) drugs, have diverse manifestations ranging from the classic oro-bucco-lingual dyskinesia, through dystonic craniocervical and trunk posturing, to abnormal breathing patterns. Although tardive syndromes have been an important part of movement disorder clinical practice for over 60 years, their pathophysiologic basis remains poorly understood and the optimal treatment approach remains unclear. This review summarises the current knowledge relating to these syndromes and provides clinicians with pragmatic, clinically focused guidance to their management.