ELISA IgG/IgM | TPPA or TPHA | VDRL or RPR | |
Never | − | − | − |
Early | + | + | − |
Secondary | + | + | + |
Late | + | + | − |
Treated | + | + | − |
Reinfected | + | + | + |
False-positive ELISA | + | − | − |
False-positive TPPA/TPHA | − | + | − |
False-positive RPR | − | − | + |
RPR, rapid-plasma reagin; TPHA, Treponema pallidum haemagglutination; TPPA, Treponema pallidum particle agglutination; VDRL, venereal disease research laboratory.