Acute hypertensive encephalopathy with widespread small-vessel disease at MRI in a diabetic patient: pathogenetic hypotheses

Neuroradiology. 2005 Aug;47(8):599-603. doi: 10.1007/s00234-005-1385-5. Epub 2005 Jul 19.

Abstract

We report unusual magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings in a diabetic patient with neglected hypertension and hyperglycemia, presenting with seizures and coma. Outcome was fatal despite intensive care. The MRI findings included bilateral insular and temporo-occipital grey and white matter involvement, and numerous, scattered, lacunar-like lesions involving the peripheral and deep white matter, basal ganglia grey matter, and brainstem. Lesions had a low apparent diffusion coefficient, and some enhanced following contrast injection. Hypertensive encephalopathy with widespread and severe acute small-vessel disease was considered. Pathophysiology is discussed.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Acute Disease
  • Diabetes Complications / pathology*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Hypertensive Encephalopathy / etiology*
  • Hypertensive Encephalopathy / pathology
  • Hypertensive Encephalopathy / physiopathology*
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging
  • Microcirculation
  • Middle Aged